The National Physical Activity Plan is intended to be a “living document” that is updated on a regular basis. Each edition of the Plan will be informed by new knowledge, some of which will be the product of evolving professional practice. But a growing body of knowledge, fed by an expanding physical activity–public health research enterprise, will be needed too. Accordingly, the National Physical Activity Plan Alliance calls on public, non-profit and private research funding agencies to make greater investments in research that will generate the knowledge needed to increase physical activity in communities across the U.S.